中國大陸流域政府間跨界水污染糾紛調處機制研究

On Watershed Inter-governmental Transboundary Water Pollution Dispute Mediation Mechanisms in Chinese Mainland

中國大陸立法對於流域政府間跨界水污染糾紛規定了兩種調處機制：政府間協商解決以及上級政府或流域管理機構協調解決。實踐中這兩種行政調處機制往往運行不暢。應該從兩方面加以完善：一是為避免「無頭案」，將司法訴訟作為兜底，消除造成行政調處機制不彰的障礙；二是統一公布政府間跨界水污染糾紛行政調處指導性規範，並賦予和解協定和調解協定一定的法律效力。

Legislations in Chinese Mainland stipulate two kinds of watershed transboundary  water pollution dispute mediation mechanisms: inter-governmental negotiation and mediation by superior government or watershed management authority. The two kinds of administrative mechanisms do not operate smoothly. It is necessary  to improve the mechanisms in two aspects: design judicial litigation as last relief measure to remove obstacle of administrative mechanisms’ smooth operation and to avoid unsolved dispute; unify guideline on inter-governmental transboundary water pollution dispute administrative negotiation and mediation process and endow agreements of negotiation and mediation certain legal validity.