高強度動態熱身對隨後衝刺表現影響之探討

To investigate the effect of high-intensity dynamic warm-up on the subsequent sprint performance

運動員在賽前多數使用中低強度的靜態或動態熱身。活化後增能作用 (postactivation potentiation, PAP)，是利用運動前給予一個高強度刺激，伴隨著一段恢復時間後，進而增加肌力與爆發力表現。近年來，許多研究發現，PAP的高強度刺激可能伴隨著疲勞的產生，恢復時間不佳可能造成無法完善發揮PAP功效，但目前研究顯示誘發PAP可以提高下肢力量與爆發力表現。由於先前的研究多數為跳躍性運動表現，對於短距離衝刺則較少文獻探討。因此，本文的目的在透過文獻的蒐集，探討誘發PAP對於隨後衝刺運動表現的效果。結果顯示，在短距離衝刺前進行高負荷 (約1 sets × 3-5 reps × 90% 1RM) 的刺激且恢復時間建議為4-9分鐘，可能有助於短距離衝刺 (20-100公尺) 運動表現。

Most of athletes perform the low intensity static or dynamic activities as warm-up approaches before a game. Post-activation potentiation (PAP) induced by a high-intensity stimulation with a period of recovery time is used to increase the muscular strength and power performance in athletes. Recently, many studies have found that the high-intensity stimulation for eliciting PAP may accompany with the development of fatigue, and the inappropriate recovery time may not effectively cause PAP phenomenon. However, many studies show that the inducement of PAP can improve strength and power performance in lower extremities. Most of studies focused on the effects of PAP on the jumping exercise performance, less on the sprint exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to discuss the effects of PAP on the subsequent sprint exercise performance through reviewing previous literatures. The results showed that the high load (1 sets × 3-5 reps × 90% 1RM) stimulus with recovery period of 4-9 minutes might increase the subsequent sprint exercise (20-100 m) performance in athletes.