第二型糖尿病門診病患心理困擾、運動習慣與睡眠品質之相關性研究

Relationship between Psychiatric Distress, Exercising Habits and Sleep Quality in Patients with Type II Diabetes

背景：第二型糖尿病患比一般民眾有較多的睡眠障礙。
目的：探討影響第二型糖尿病門診病患心理困擾、運動習慣與睡眠品質之現況與關係。
方法：為橫斷性之問卷調查，採立意取樣，招募北部某地區教學醫院門診患有第二型糖尿病病患為對象，收案條件為大於20歲以上成人，並排除認知功能不良、無法以國台語溝通、生命徵象不穩定者，使用心理困擾症狀量表簡版、匹茲堡睡眠品質量表及運動習慣量表進行資料蒐集。
結果：共發出問卷170份，回收有效問卷110份，回收率64.7％，研究對象心理困擾得分為3.66(滿分20)，49位(44.5%)有規律運動習慣。睡眠品質量表平均得分為5.56(滿分21)，44位(40.0%)的睡眠品質量表分數大於5，睡眠品質差，影響第二型糖尿病患睡眠障礙的重要原因是「心理困擾」、「中強度運動習慣」。
結論：心理困擾愈嚴重者睡眠品質愈差，中強度運動習慣者較無運動習慣者睡眠品質佳。
建議：護理人員可加強對第二型糖尿病病患養成規律中強度運動習慣之護理指導。

Background: Patients with type II diabetes (T2D) exhibit a higher rate of sleep disturbance than that of the general population.
Purpose: To investigate the relationship among psychiatric distress, exercise habits, and sleep quality in patients with T2D.
Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited patients 20 years and older who were diagnosed with T2Dfrom the outpatient department of a teaching hospital in northern Taiwan. Patients who had limited cognitive function, difficulty in communicating, or unstable vital signs were excluded. Each subject was required to answer a structural questionnaire, which included a Brief Symptom Rating Scale (BSRS-5), a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and an exercise habit questionnaire.
Results: The response rate was 64.7% (110/170) . The average BSRS-5 score was 3.66 (full score 20). Forty-nine (44.5%) subjects had regular exercise habit. The average PSQI score among the subjects was 5.56 (the full score, 21). Forty-four (40%) subjects had sleep disturbances (PSQI score > 5). Psychiatric distress and exercise intensity were associated with the quality of sleep.
Conclusion: The severity of psychiatric distress were associated with the quality of sleep. Subjects who exercised with moderate intensity had a better sleep quality.
Suggestion: Nurses can promote regular exercise habits with moderate intensity among T2D patients.