民事司法適用國家政策的要件研究

On the Important Condition Applying to National Policy in Civil Judicature

“國家政策”是我國民事法律體系當中的一個重要法律概念，民事司法經常適用國家政策。國家政策要以符合法治原則的方式進入司法，必須從實體和程式兩個方面來思考，並結合恰當的法律方法。從實體要件來看，在具體的司法活動當中，法官要考察有沒有法律規定，是否存在國家政策，能否適用國家政策。從程式要件來看，法官要考察發現程式、審查程式和適用程式上的基本問題。同時，只有適用某種方法，國家政策才能成為司法的合法性和合理性依據來源。運用恰當的適用方法是國家政策司法適用的方法要件，主要涉及的是法律論證方法和利益衡量方法。

National policy is an important legal concept in our civil legal system.There is applying to national policy in civil judicature always. National policy applying to civil judicature must be conform to the rule of law, which is to think from substantive and procedure law,and combine legislative method.From substantive condition,the justice must be to inspect law which exist or not. From procedure condition,the justice must be to inspect finding procedure,review process and the basic question in applying process.At the same time,by applying to someway, national policy is able to the legitimate and reasonable source.Therefore,using proper legislative method is a method condition,including methods of legal argument and methods of interests balancing,and so on.