家事暫時處分性質疑義

Questions about Preliminary Injunctions under the Law of Domestic Proceedings

家事事件法第八五條以下訂有暫時處分制度，做為家事非訟事件之保全方法。又因本法已將若干原屬家事財產訴訟事件非訟化，債權人如有保全本案請求權將來執行實現必要者，仍須有保全處分機制，方足以構築一完整之財產權程序保障。惟暫時處分之性質及具體機能為何，是否包括假扣押及標的物假處分程序，本法未做定義性規定。雖暫時處分之類型及其方法，本法已授權司法院制定辦法，惟仍難自該辦法文義中判讀其機能。因此，暫時處分是否已完全取代保全處分全部機能，或存在立法疏漏，須法官為法律漏洞之填補。

Article 85 to 91 of the Law of Domestic Proceedings stipulates the preliminary injunctions, which serve as the provisional remedies for domestic affairs. Since the Law has transformed some domestic litigation cases into non-contentious ones, the existence of provisional remedies proceedings are necessary to ensure the full realization of creditors’ rights in the future. However, there is no definition for the essences and functions of preliminary injunctions. Also, it is also unclear whether provisional attachments or provisional injunctions are included or not. Although Judicial Yuan has been authorized to formulate a regulation over preliminary injunctions, it is hard to determine their functions from the context. Therefore, whether preliminary injunctions can completely replaces all provisional remedies remains a question. It may be a legal loophole that judges need to cure.