長期血液透析病患血磷控制遵從行為相關因素之研究

A Study on the Adherence Behavior of Phosphate Control by Long-term Hemodialysis Patient and its Related Factors

本研究目的旨在探討影響長期血液透析病患血磷控制遵從行為之相關因素。採橫斷式研究設計，以結構式問卷收集資料，選取兩家醫院血液透析中心的血液透析病患為收案對象，共收141位有效樣本，以SPSS16.0統計軟體進行描述性及推論性資料分析。結果：年齡較小、未婚、與父母同住者、有自覺高血磷合併症者，其血磷控制遵從行為較差；血液透析病患的社會支持越好、自我效能越強、結果期待越正向、健康控握傾向內控者，其血磷控制遵從行為就越佳；年齡、婚姻狀態、居住情形、自覺高血磷合併症以及社會支持、內控、自我效能、結果期待對血液透析病患血磷控制遵從行為的預測力為56.4％，其中自我效能為最重要之預測變項。本研究結果可提供醫護人員瞭解長期血液透析病患血磷控制遵從行為之重要影響因素，以做為執行相關衛教工作時之參考。

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the phosphate control adherence behavior of hemodialysis patients and its related factors.
Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design and structured questionnaire. A total of 141 hemodialysis patients from the two hospital hemodialysis centers were recruited as participants. Statistical analyses consisted of descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS 16.0 statistical software.
Results: We found that younger patients, singles, patients who live with their parents, and patients with high self awareness on the symptoms of hyperphospthemia had comparatively poor phosphate control adherence behavior. Hemodialysis patients with higher social support, better self efficacy, more positive outcome expectations and a tendency towards internal health locus of control tended to exhibit better phosphate control adherence behavior. Age, marital status, living conditions, self awareness symptoms of hyperphospthemia, social support, internal control, self efficacy, and outcome expectations explained 56.4% of the variance in the phosphate control adherence behavior of hemodialysis patients. Self efficacy was the main predictor among these variables.
Conclusions: The results of this study can be used by healthcare workers as a reference during the performance of health education.