國小2-3年級團體智力測驗之編製及其信效度研究

The Development of a Group Intelligence Test for Children in Grades 2-3：A Reliability and Validity Study

本研究旨在編製三式國小2-3年級團體智力測驗（Group Intelligence Test for Children in Grade 2-3, 簡稱GITC-G23），以供資優學生鑑定的初步篩選工具。本測驗主要根據流體-晶體智力理論、評量內容兼具語文與非語文、節省施測時間及多套複本測驗等四大特色發展本測驗。本測驗包含語文反義、數字系列與圖形類比三個分測驗，全測驗共有59題，作答採五選一方式，施測時間約40分鐘（含作答說明）。研究結果顯示：在信度方面，分測驗內部一致性係數Cronbach α係數介於 .712至 .835之間，全測驗為 .882。分測驗間隔四週重測信度係數介於.724至.885之間，全測驗為.893；三式測驗複本信度係數介於 .725至 .794之間。在效度方面，除具內容效度外，本測驗分別與學業成績、「國民小學語文智力測驗」及「托尼非語文智力測驗」有不錯的效標關聯效度；本測驗亦能有效區別資優生與普通生；驗證性因素分析結果得到晶體智力與流體智力兩個因素，顯示本測驗與原先建構因素相符。最後，以2135名國小2-3年級學生為常模樣本，建立甲式測驗百分等級及常態化的T分數常模。並根據研究結果提出建議，以供未來研究參考。

The purpose of this study was to develop a group intelligence test for children in grades 2-3, which could be used as an identification instrument for gifted students. The four major characteristics of the test were a theoretical basis on crystallized and fluid intelligences, a combination of verbal and nonverbal contents, parsimonious test time, and multiple test forms. It consisted of three subtests: Verbal Reasoning, Arithmetic Reasoning, and Figural Reasoning. It was a group test with a 40-minute time limit for each version. Results revealed that the Cronbach α coefficients of subscales were .712~ .835, while for the overall test it was .882. The test-retest reliability coefficients over a period of four weeks were .724~ .885, while for the overall test it was .893. The correlations between the different test versions were .725~ .794. It was found that the total scores of the test were significantly related to the student’s academic performance, the scores of a well-known verbal intelligence test and a nonverbal intelligence test. In addition, a confirmatory factor analysis yielded two factors （crystallized and fluid intelligences） for this test. Generally speaking, the group intelligence test for children（grades 2-3） exhibited acceptable indicator values for reliability and validity. To this end, the normalized t-score norms and percentile ranks for 2135 subjects in the test（Form A） were also developed. Finally, some suggestions were proposed for future research.