NPO與政府部門的網絡連結與政策倡議：質性資料的分析   全文下載

The Networking Linkage between Nonprofit and Government and Policy Advocacy: The Preliminary Analysis of Qualitative Data

長期以來，非營利組織（Non-profit Organization, NPO）與政府部門在社會服務的提供上已經建立合作關係，以夥伴關係共同發展與執行各類的服務計畫，成為非營利組織與政府部門之間建立網絡連結的基礎。然近年來，政策倡議亦成為非營利組織與政府部門互動的重要原因，非營利組織經常向社會大眾與政府部門倡導特定的理念或價值，進而對政府的政策制定產生影響力。非營利組織與政府之間， 無論是透過服務提供或政策倡議所建構的網絡關係，對政治效能的發揮、集體行動困境的解決，乃至於對公民社會的發展與民主體制的鞏固，均有正面的效用。
持平而論，非營利組織與政府部門的互動關係日益複雜，有競爭、有互賴、有合作、有衝突，再加上政策過程中其他行動者的參與，在各項議題上形成動態的政策網絡。因之，本文從政策網絡理論的觀點，利用深度訪談的方法，一方面以非營利組織和政府部門的治理成員重疊關係為核心，檢視非營利組織如何與政府部門及其他非營利組織建立網絡連結關係？又產生哪些互動模式？另一方面分析非營利組織如何在政策網絡之中進行政策倡議活動？又其效果為何？透過本研究有助於瞭解政策網絡理論所宣稱的平等互動、多元參與、共同治理的情境是否在非營利組織的政策倡議過程獲得實踐。

Cooperative relationship in social service between government and non-profit organizations (NGOs) has been developed for a long time. Among of them formulated networking linkage by planning and implementing various service programs. However, policy advocacy has become another important factor of the interaction between government and NPOs during these years. In other words, NPOs often advocate ideas and values to people or government so they can influence the policy-making process. Whether thorough delivering service or advocating policy to build networking relationship between government and NPOs, it has positive effectiveness in development of political efficacy, solving dilemma of collective action, construction of the civil society and consolidation of democracy.
Generally speaking, the relationship between government and NPOs has become more and more complicated. There are conflicts, competitions, dependence, and cooperation in the policy process. Besides, other actors may participate during the policy making and implementing process. Thus, a dynamic policy network is formed in each issue field. Therefore, by in-depth interviews, this study was based on the perspective of policy network to explore the connection and interaction of an NPO with the government and other NPOs and to examine the way and effect of NPOs’ policy advocacy in the policy network. It is hoped that this study can help for deepening the understanding of the realization of equal status, multi-participation and common governance in the process of NPOs’ policy advocacy.