輕度學習或智能障礙學生使用電腦繪圖軟體記錄生活事件之研究   全文下載

A Study of Utilizing Graphics Software to Record Life Events by Mild Learning Disability or Mental Retardion Students

本研究以彰化縣某國民小學資源班兩位輕度學習障礙學生與4位輕度智能障礙學生為對象，探討他們使用電腦繪圖軟體進行生活事件記錄時的相關表現與事後觀看繪圖作品時對事件的回憶程度。實驗歷時三個月進行21次電腦繪圖活動、1次事後受試者個別訪談與兩次事件回憶記錄。並將受試者作品內容、全螢幕錄影、訪談紀錄與口述事件回憶的錄音檔等資料，進行量化與質性分析。研究結果顯示，輕度學習或智能障礙學生最常使用復原與顏色等兩項電腦繪圖功能。他們普遍喜愛使用電腦繪圖軟體記錄生活事件，並認為這比文字書寫與傳統繪圖媒材更容易完成生活事件的記錄。大多數受試者的作品畫面豐富度與使用天數呈現顯著正相關，且軟體精熟度也隨之提高。受試者在一～一個半月後觀看電腦繪圖作品，可喚起至少一半的回憶，而回憶程度與受試者之生活豐富性與能力相關。此外，作品畫面豐富度對智能障礙學生的回憶程度影響較高，但對學習障礙學生則未有顯著影響。從研究結果得知，電腦繪圖軟體可幫助輕度學習或智能障礙學生記錄生活事件，對他們之繪圖有所助益，且能提高學習興趣。期望此結果能作為特教教師教學之參考，將電腦繪圖融入教學中，作為幫助學習或智能障礙學生表達想法的一項工具。

Taking two mild learning disability and four mild mental retardation students who studied in an elementary school in Changhua, Taiwan as subjects, this study investigated their behaviors, attitudes, and performances of utilizing computer graphics to record life events. Their later recall levels of life events by reviewing the graphics were also evaluated. Twenty one computer graphic drawing activities were conducted during three months. The experimental data included one after-experiment subject interview, two oral descriptions of life events, full screen recording videos, and the graphics drawn by these subjects. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted. The results showed that the most frequently used functions of computer graphics were "undo" and "coloring. " The subjects liked to use computer graphics to record life events more than traditional media, such as writing and paper-based drawings, in that they think it was easier to use computer graphics to record life events. The degree of drawing richness and fluency of software were getting better as the experiment going for most subjects. At least half contents of life events could be recalled by reviewing the graphics after one to one and half months of drawing activities. There were no significant relationships between the recall level and degree of drawing richness for mild learning disability students. On the other hand, the recall levels were more related to the drawing richness for mild mental retardation students. This study revealed that utilizing computer graphics can be helpful to mild learning disability or mental retardation students to record life events and enhance their learning motivation. It is expected that this study can provide references for teachers to integrate computer graphics into special education as a tool for students to express their thoughts.