安非他命濫用者團體心理治療的運作方式與效益之文獻回顧

Literature Review of Operation Modes and Benefit of Group Psychotherapy for Individuals Engaging in Amphetamine Abuse

安非他命是目前世界各國最常濫用的毒品之一，近幾十年來，安非他命的濫用已經在世界上的許多國家包含台灣，造成嚴重的公共衛生問題。長期使用安非他命除了對個人造成生理、心理以及社會層面的衝擊，對家庭及社會治安也造成嚴重的危害。然而，目前並沒有藥物可用來幫助戒治病人。證據顯示，團體心理治療模式可做為安非他命戒癮的主要方法之一，本文期能透過文獻回顧的方式，先介紹我國現行的安非他命緩起訴戒癮治療相關法規、再瞭解目前國內外廣泛運用在安非他命濫用者的團體心理治療方式，例如矩陣模式（Matrix Model）、跨理論模式（Transtheoretical Model, TTM）、權變管理（Contingency Management, CM）、認知行為治療（Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT），以及動機式晤談（Motivational Interviewing, MI），簡述其治療運作方式及治療效益檢測結果，藉此提供重要的資訊，作為醫療機構及醫護人員安非他命戒癮的治療與照護參考。

Currently, amphetamines are among the most frequently abused drugs in various countries globally. In the past few decades, the abuse of amphetamines has caused serious public health issues in many countries worldwide, including Taiwan. Long-term use of amphetamines not only has physical, psychological, and social impacts on individuals, but also results in severe harm to families and the social order. However, presently, there are no drugs available for treatment of amphetamine addiction. Evidence suggests that group psychotherapy models can be used as one of the main methods for treatment of amphetamine addiction. In this paper, by reviewing the literature, we hope to first introduce the current laws and regulations on amphetamine-related deferred prosecution and addiction treatment in Taiwan, and then understand the group psychotherapy methods widely used for amphetamine abuse in Taiwan and the rest of the world, such as the matrix model, transtheoretical model (TTM), contingency management (CM), cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and motivational interviewing (MI). We will briefly describe their treatment operation modes and treatment benefit based on the results of the study, so as to provide important information as a reference for medical institutions and healthcare professionals providing treatment and care for amphetamine addiction.