需求反應式運輸系統營運模式與績效評估

Operation Model and Performance Evaluation of Demand Responsive Transportation System

需求反應式運輸系統極為適合用來解決偏遠地區公共運輸問題，並可減輕傳統公車業者營運的負擔。本研究針對桃園市復興區引進DRTS即時預約服務，採用系統模擬的方式，進行服務績效評估。結果顯示，等候時間、旅行時間、服務時間以及首派失敗人數隨車隊規模之擴充，其績效愈佳。而車輛行駛里程、車輛閒置時間以及平均載客人數則隨車隊規模之縮小，呈現較佳之績效。若以服務時間代表乘客使用DRTS服務的成本，閒置時間代表業者經營DRTS的機會成本，則在服務時間與閒置時間之時間價值相等的假設下，車隊規模為22輛左右時，總成本可達到最低，約為560小時。

Demand responsive transportation system (DRTS) is very suitable for solving the public transportation problem in remote areas, and alleviating the operation load of the conventional bus operators at the same time. Aiming at the scenario of introducing a real-time booking service of DRTS into Fuxing District of Taoyuan City, this research uses system simulation to conduct the service performance evaluation. The results show that the performance increases with the expansion of fleet size by service waiting time, travel time, service time, and number of failures at first booking. Nevertheless, the performance increases with the reduction of fleet size by operating mileage, vehicle idle time, and average number of occupied passengers. Regarding the service time as the service cost of DRTS for passengers, and the vehicle idle time as the opportunity cost of the DRTS operator, the total cost, about 560 hours, is minimum by a fleet size of 22 vehicles under the assumption of equal value for both costs.