探討有關英日雙外語學習者溝通策略之教學、應用與實踐

A Study into How Bilingual Learners of English and Japanese Learn Using Communication Strategies

溝通策略教學（Teaching Communication Strategy以下簡稱TCS)方面之研究多見於1對1之面對面接觸場面所使用之溝通策略（Communication Strategies，以下簡稱CSs），而罕見有關學習者於遠距接觸場進行小組溝通方面之研究。本實踐報告主要探討台灣某大學英日雙外語學習者於選修課程‘跨文化溝通技巧’中，對於CSs之學習以及應用實踐於遠距交流之過程與結果。研究步驟為首先使用經過先導研究所得到之CSs各種表達方式，在課堂指導學生練習，並鼓勵學生將之運用在同期並行的遠距交流溝通上; 在課堂上讓學生們分享各組交流時所發生之溝通問題，討論問題解決之方法， 思考何謂優質之跨文化交流。研究結果顯示，CSs之教學、應用與實踐上，除了增加交流主題相關的詞彙和常用句型等的語言能力以外，同時也要讓學生們瞭解不同文化之間不一樣的言談習慣（話輪或話題的轉換）、對話型態（小組活動）以及使用溝通媒體（電腦遠距交流）的特徵。另外，台灣學生對於有關台灣文化的主題內容如何引起對方的興趣，還無法掌握得很好，這個問題的解決在於增加台灣學生對自我文化的自信與更豐富的知識並有效地使用CSs來傳達。今後將改善本次課堂教學與學習內容，調查學習者對CSs之學習成效與運用能力，並開發TCS相關教材。

Many studies have examined the use of communication strategies (henceforth CSs) in one-on-one and face-to-face interaction; analysis on CSs in computer-mediated communication in small group is rare. The study aims to address the under-researched issue by investigating how CSs are employed in a distance contact situation by Taiwanese college students following instruction in the 'cross -cultural communication skills' classroom. Categories of CSs identified in a pilot study was used as teaching materials and discussion topics in order to prepare them for actual computer-mediated communication. Regarding the teaching, application and practice of CSs, the results of the study show the necessity for teachers to increase students' understanding of the differences in communicative behaviors (turn-taking or topic change), types of conversation (group activities) and communication medium (computer-mediated interaction) besides the needs to improve students' language ability such as topic -related vocabulary and expressions. Furthermore, the study suggests that Taiwanese students need to have a better understanding of their own culture and know how to use CSs appropriately if they intend to introduce and promote their own culture to foreign interactants. The findings of the study will be used to improve teaching methods.