我國公共電視體制的現況與未來

The Public Television in Taiwan

我國公共電視臺除包括由政府編列預算設置或採購之公視、客視、原視及宏觀電視，還有公共化之華視。在公視主導下，成立「公廣集團」。近年來，由於公視董事會人事與治理紛爭，凸顯公共電視治理與經營各種問題。在政府研議修正〈公共電視法〉之際，實有必要針對公視定位與體制，進行系統性地分析與探討，俾供政策參考。本研究深度訪談公視基金會董事和公視及華視員工，並進行專家焦點團體與公聽會，多方瞭解公視運作問題和社會認知。研究結果發現，與他國相較，我國公視經費偏低，乃不爭之事實。由於收視費可行性不高，未來還是得由政府扮演推動的角色，從改善預算編列著手，且其預算應呈良性成長，避免暴增暴減。在不影響公共性的原則下，允許部分公共電視適度接受廣告。為確保公視的公共性，其財務及運作仍應受政府監督與稽核，但政府不應干涉特定節目內容。在治理模式方面，應縮小董事會編制，簡化董事任命程序，董事長改為兼任無給職，並設置執行委員會，確立由執行長主導之執行委員會制。問責體系方面，財務應加強內部稽核，節目評量除採行公共價值評量指標，應成立正式的內容諮詢委員會，以更透明、更多元方式蒐集各方意見，做為節目改進參考。

The so-called "Public Broadcasting System" consists of government-funded PTS, Hakka TV, TITV, and Taiwan Macroview TV and CTS, which is fully supported by advertising revenues and is still under the process of going public. Since the Public Television Act is under revision, concerns over governance and development of the PBS require systematic analysis, and constructive suggestions can be useful. This study conducts in-depth interviews, focus groups, and public hearings to grapple with the feasible budgeting system, governance structure, and supervision mechanisms of Taiwan's public television. The research findings show that it is highly unlikely to collect license fees in Taiwan. The public television will still have to rely on government funding. Some public television stations should be allowed to be partially supported by advertising revenues as long as they continue to uphold significant public values. To ensure the public television produces programs with public values, its budget and operation must still be supervised by the government, but officials and legislators must refrain from giving advices to particular programs. The Board of Directors of the PBS sets strategies, approves top-level budgets, and appoints top executives, while an executive board should be established to be responsible for operational management and for the delivery of quality services to the public. An official content advisory committee should be established to reflect various public concerns and to raise public recognition.