台灣商營電視節目內容管制的演變：結構去管制下的「內容再管制」

The development of television content regulation in Taiwan

透過「內容管制類型」對廣電三法的跨時間與跨法律的比較，及近年來行政機關處分案件的分析，本文歸納1993年以來，台灣商營電視節目內容管制的演變。在國家對結構「去管制」、亦就是電視私有化的情況下，對內容卻有「再管制」的趨勢，其特點為：（1）趨向政治鬆綁，（2）改以不雅內容為主要管制核心，（3）雖有法律規範，但行政機關平時管制行為往往忽略弱勢團體的近用權。這些趨勢符合電視業者利益，但不盡符合公共利益；未來的節目內容管制方向，應以維護公民傳播權為基礎，包括加強近用權的落實、將不雅內容之認定納入公民審議機制、並以結構規範互相配合。

This paper examines the development of television content regulation in Taiwan since 1993. During this period of time, Taiwanese government has (1) lifted the political control on television, (2) turned to strengthen the limits on indecent programs, and (3) failed to implement "access rules." While "de-regulating" the television ownership, the government has "re-regulated" the television contents. This trend meets the interests of media owners rather than of the public. In order to protect the communication rights of all citizens, this paper suggests the government to reinforce the access rules, create a "civic deliberation mechanism" to regulate indecent programs, and establish appropriate correlations between ownership rules and content regulations.