引用動機之研究

A Study of the Motivation for Citation

本文旨在解析引用行為中的引用動機理論和數據的驗證、兩大主流理論－－獎賞理論（規範主義）與修辭理論（建構主義）的爭辯、許多調查結果的不同推論等。發現引用動機研究是複雜和多面向的，不同作者有不同的引用動機，無論是方法上的、取樣上的、或結果的解釋上，至今沒有令人滿意的結論。雖然研究方法和結論仍有缺憾，但仍可以歸納出一些影響引用動機的因素。

This paper aims to analyze theories of the motivation for citation and some statistical demonstrations of the behavior of citation. The argument between two major theories-the reward system (norm of universalism) and the rhetorical system (particularism proposed by constructivists)-is introduced here with an interpretation of what the statistical evidence may reveal. Results of the analysis show that the motivation for citation can be very diverse and complex, varying from one author to another. So far no unified conclusion has been attained in methodology, sampling, or interpretation. Despite the controversy, some influential factors that contribute to the motivation for citation may be uncovered from this exploration.