護理實習於新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情之挑戰

Challenges to the Nursing Practicum During the COVID-19 Pandemic

新型冠狀病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情直接影響第一線的醫護人員，同時也影響護理學校之臨床實習，如何配合政府相關之防疫政策，又能兼顧減少學用落差之實作教學，確實是一大挑戰。本文以長庚科技大學為例分享如何有效率因應COVID-19，調整基本護理學實習模式（於臨床技能中心應用數位教材教學、小組討論、案例分析、技術練習、臨床個案模擬情境演練等），兼顧學生安全且達到護理實習目標。於調整護理實習方案後發現，護生對校內實習之實習環境及指導老師面向滿意度顯著高於校外臨床實習，質性資料分析也發現，護生對於校內實習很正向且表示收穫良多，如學生對臨床技能中心仿真之實習環境、指導老師的教學方法及應變能力、應用虛擬實境情境教案強化學生技術的熟練度及學習成效。本文所分享之應變護理臨床實習模式可做為非預期流行疫情下，仍確保護理實習教學品質之參考。

The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly impacted first-line medical staff as well as nursing-student clinical practicum programs. How to cooperate with the government's pandemic-prevention policies and reduce the gap between education and clinical practice represent significant challenges. In this paper, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology (CCUST) is used as an example to show how schools in Taiwan have effectively adapted the fundamentals of nursing practicum programs to the current pandemic using e-learning, group discussions, case analysis, clinical skill practice, and clinical case simulation scenario exercises. The program at CCUST both takes into account the safety of students and has achieved all critical nursing practice goals. After implementation of these adjustments, satisfaction among nursing students with the practicum environment and the clinical instructors was found to be significantly higher for the on-campus clinical practicum than for the off-campus clinical practicum. Furthermore, the results of qualitative data analyses show that nursing students in the on-campus practicum gained significant knowledge and experience and commented positively on their experience. For example, the students indicated that they were satisfied with the simulated clinical environment of the CCC, the teaching strategies and adaptability of the instructor, and the application of virtual reality scenario cases to enhance skill proficiency and learning outcomes. The adjusted nursing clinical practicum described in this paper may be used as a reference to ensure the quality of nursing clinical practicum programs is maintained during epidemics.