紫線番界：清乾隆時期北臺灣番界清釐與地方行政的規劃

The Purple Han-Aborigine Line: Study on the Han-Aborigine Boundary in Northern Taiwan and Local Administration during the Qianlong Period

本文以乾隆49年〈臺灣田園分別墾禁圖說〉作為核心史料，配合相關的主題地圖與文字史料，探討乾隆時期番界政策與地方行政之間的關連性。相較於過往探討臺灣的番界政策，多利用省級官員留下的奏摺史料，並側重族群政策的評估與分析。本文則以淡水廳進行個案研究，探討番界清釐的規劃，究竟涉及哪些縣級政府的行政課題。對此，本文認為番界清釐在縣級行政的實踐上，並非單純作為阻隔漢人與生番的族群邊界，而是一方面整頓土地開發與稅收行政，另一方面設法解決邊防經費籌措的行政課題。從這點來看，乾隆時期臺灣番界主題地圖的繪製，其內容不僅是官員向帝國呈報番界落實於地表空間的情形，同時隱含著縣級官員的行政構想與規劃藍圖。

This article employs “the Map and Description of Reclaimed and Prohibited Paddy and Dry Land in Taiwan” in the forty-ninth year of the Qianlong reign (1784) as a primary source to inspect the execution of policies along the Han-aborigine line by local government during the Qianlong reign. Furthermore, through the case of Tamsui prefecture, the article demonstrates the cultivation along the Purple Han-aborigine boundary, and examines the administrative issues regarding taxation and boarder control in Northern Taiwan. Since setting boarder frontiers is a common method of the Qing Empire to govern multi-ethnicity areas, there the so-call aborigine lines occurred in Taiwan, though boarder walls were more found in Hunan. Both utilized the insulation approach to sustain stability in border areas through the establishments of frontiers. Thus this article will address the issues of Han-aborigine boundary in Taiwan, examine the execution process of Qing aborigine boundaries in Taiwan, demonstrate the influence of border policies upon local administration, and set a comparative foundation for border policies in different regions. As oppose to the usual focus on ethnic policies in previous publications in discussion of aborigine boundaries in Taiwan, this article investigates from the perspective of local agencies to explain how officials attempted to gradually constitute regional power through executions of Han-aborigine boarder policies of the Qing Empire, and established border defense dominated by the local government.