#NotAllMen以及#NotMyPresident:道德切割的限度

#NotAllMen and #NotMyPresident: The Limits of Moral Disassociation

道德切割發生於個人自外於其所屬社群所從事的不正義之行為。 我檢視兩個當代的現象——#NotAllMen 以及#NotMyPresident，至少 在某些情況下，此兩者可被合理地理解為道德切割。我主張，道德切 割即使能影響我們對行為者個人的道德評價，其對社會改革的影響卻 微乎其微。進一步而言，我說明即使在最佳狀況下，道德切割使我們 將注意力集中在「好」與「壞」的個人行為者、行為，以及態度，因 此忽略了更廣泛的、系統性的不正義過程。道德切割充其量是無關緊 要的，而在最糟的狀況下，它是誤導、適得其反的。因為對改正結構 性的不正義來說，最重要的是我們認識到，要集體實現根本的轉變， 所有人都要承擔修補的責任。

Moral disassociation occurs when an agent separates herself from an unjust collective practice that is upheld by a social group to which she belongs. I examine two contemporary phenomena that can plausibly be understood in at least some cases as attempts to morally disassociate from injustice: #NotAllMen and #NotMyPresident. I argue that even though moral disassociation matters for the moral assessment of individual agents, it is far less important for the project of social change. More specifically, I show that even in the best cases, questions of moral disassociation function to draw our focus toward ''good'' vs. ''bad'' individual actors, actions, and attitudes-thereby diverting attention away from wider systemic processes of injustice. At best, moral disassociation is nonessential, and at worst, specious or counterproductive, because what matters most for rectifying structural injustice is recognizing that we all bear remedial responsibility for collectively bringing about radical transformation.