美國新保守主義理念與美伊戰爭：兼論保守派媒體形塑戰爭

Ideas of U.S. New Conservatism and Iraq War: Analysis of Conservative Media Create a War

當前美國新保守主義正強有力地影響著美國政治運作。小布希總統上台後，新保守主義組織「新美國世紀計畫」（PNAC））成為推動保守理念的大本營。在美國保守派政治精英與媒體的鼓吹下，終於導致美伊戰爭爆發。本文首先將討論新保守主義的政治理念，其次論述保守派媒體形塑美伊戰爭的主要過程，最後則分析保守派愛國主義的興起，及美國主要媒體向愛國主義傾斜，成為贊成美伊戰爭的背後主要力量。美國新保守主義強調美國單極霸權理論，現已成為當今國際現實主義理論中的基本教義派，而新保守主義媒體認為美伊戰爭乃是一場正義戰爭，此一論點則引起自由派人士的批評。美國發動美伊戰爭究竟是霸權主義或是正義戰爭，相信此一論戰只能留待未來歷史做見證。

Nowadays, The ideas of U.S. new conservatism strongly interfere with American politics. After president George W. Bush took up the position, Project for the New American Century (PNAC) become supreme headquarters for spread the conservative ideas. U.S.-Iraq War broke out as a result of many conservative political elites and Media Continuously promote the thoughts of War. The purpose of this paper have three parts: As a beginning, we explore the political ideas of new conservatism, next we demonstrate the process of Conservative Media create U.S.-Iraq War, lastly we analyze the rise of patriotism, and American important Media were inclined to it, become the strength of support for Iraq War. American new conservatism repeatedly stress the theory of single-pole hegemony, it become a fundamentalism of international realism, and it create Iraq War bring about liberal party criticism. After all, U.S. launch Iraq war that is just war or hegemonism, it will remain historical testimony in future.