依世界人權宣言第11條(1):「凡受刑事控告者,在未經獲得辯護上所需的一切保證的公開審判而依法證實有罪以前,有權被視為無罪。(Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.)」之規定,辯護權早於二戰結束之際,已為普世所肯認。又依聯合國於西元1967年第21屆大會第2200號決議通過之「公民與政治權利國際公約(International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights)」第14條第3項第2款之規定,任何人於受有罪指控時,均應給予適當之時間及協助以準備防禦,並得與其指定之辯護人從事諮商。 |