單純酒後駕車刑罰政策之德菲調查研究

A Delphi Study on the Penalty Policy for Driving Under Inuence

自1999年單純酒後不能安全駕駛（簡稱酒駕）正式立法以刑罰制裁，酒駕犯罪與再犯問題仍深受社會關注|本研究主要目的在透過德菲專家調查，探討刑罰制裁單純酒駕犯罪和監禁酒駕累犯之政策效果，進而凝聚政策共識。30位學者專家德菲調查研究結果顯示，對於單純酒駕犯罪的政策共識度較高者為：（1）酒駕刑罰化在降低肇事較顯成效，但對抑制單純酒駕犯罪效果有限|（2）針對宣告六月以下徒刑無力繳納罰金者，可採行社會勞動替代監禁，以免犯罪標籤和監獄擁擠|（3）根據「醫療優於司法」導向，針對酒駕者施以適當酒癮評估，提供個案多元處遇方案，降低酒駕再犯|（4）採用多元方式進行教育宣導，提高民眾對酒駕危險知覺，以達一般預防效果|（5）針對「酒駕累犯」強制裝設「酒精鎖（Alcolock）」，防止企圖酒後駕車|並針對研究結果提出酒駕犯罪預防與政策相關建議。

The driving under influence (DUI) has satisfied the formal legislation to criminal penalties since 1999. However, the DUI crime and recidivism are extensively concerned in Taiwan. To build the policy consensus of DUI crime, purposes of the current study are to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy of penalizing sanctions for DUI crime without causing deaths or injuries and imprisoning the DUI recidivist through a quantitative Delphi expert survey. Research findings with higher policy consensus are as follows: (1) The DUI penalty policy has a significantly positive impact on reducing DUI accidents, but not an effective policy to inhibit DUI crime. (2) For DUI offenders sentenced to 6 months or less and unable to pay fines, it is suitable to punish them by the community service instead of imprisonment to reduce negative label and overcrowding in prison. (3) According to the guidance of medicine prior to justice, it is essential to provide alcoholism assessment and multiple treatment service for DUI offenders to reduce recidivism. (4) Multi-educational propaganda can be employed to enhance citizen's DUI risk perceptions for general prevention. (5) The ''Alcolock'' should be compulsorily installed to prevent DUI recidivists from attempting to DUI. Suggestions on the prevention and policy of DUI crime are also discussed based on the research findings.