林下經濟作物之成本效益評估

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of shaded-agroforestry economic crops in the forestlands

行政院農業委員會2019年4月開始實施林下經濟政策，在不破壞環境生態前提下，讓林地種植林下經濟作物合法化，以振興山村綠色經濟。本研究目的透過成本效益及實證訪談分析台灣具潛力之林下經濟作物，列舉出段木香菇、山胡椒、金線連、林下養蜂、咖啡及茶六項經濟作物之生理特性、適合栽種區域、具潛力之優勢與潛在問題，與成本效益評估，本研究結果顯示林下養蜂、栽植金線連具有較高的利潤，且其所需投入生產成本相對較低，主要困難點為技術層面|而林蔭咖啡及林下栽種茶樹雖其所投入成本高，但林下栽植皆具較高品質，且具有生態價值及土壤永續利用效益，本研究分析各項林下經濟作物之成本效益並深度訪談適合栽種區域、優勢與問題，以提供各林主未來投入林下栽植的可行性與作物選擇之參考。

The Agriculture Committee of the Executive Yuan has begun to implement the under-foresteconomic policy since April 2019, and legalized the cultivation of under-forest economic crops to revitalizethe green economy of the mountain village on the premise of not destroying the environment and ecology.The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential under-forest crops in Taiwan through cost-effectivenessanalysis and interviews survey. This study analyzed the physiological characteristics, potential advantages,potential problems, and assess the cost-benefit of five crops, including wood shiitake mushroom, mountainlitsea, Taiwan jewel orchid, coffee and tea, as well as beekeeping . The results showed that beekeepingand planting Taiwan jewel orchid under the forest had higher profits, and the cost of input required forproduction was relatively low. The main difficulty for shaded crops is at the technical level| coffee andtea under the forest have high planting and investment costs but has higher quality, ecological value andsustainable use for environment. Each forest economic crop studied has its suitable area, advantages andproblems. This study suggests boutique management for shaded crops and the results provide reference forthe feasibility and crop selection of the forest owners in the future.