論不動產登記之物的編成主義

Review Object Forming Doctrine of Real Estate Registration

所謂物的編成主義，是指登記機關對於其轄區內之不動產，以不動產為依據，將關於不動產之事實或權利關係作成記錄，並彙整於同一不動產之登記簿內。據此，似指登記簿彙編依據係以「物」為主，但究其實質面，主要係指透過一不動產一登記用紙原則之適用，建立起物的標示及有關權利。我國現行關於物的編成主義之落實，根據研究成果顯示：第一、對得為不動產登記權利客體之判斷，依現行學說或實務上之見解，均不甚明確，尚無足資得為準則者。第二、區分所有建物適用一不動產一登記用紙原則時，關於地政機關所建立之地籍簿冊（如建物測量成果圖、建物登記簿），無法使知悉各個專有部分與其所屬整棟區分所有建物之物理上、權利上關係，更遑論專有部分與其他專有部分之關係。第三、於複數不動產適用一不動產一登記用紙原則時，基於效用上關連性，得將複數不動產，登記為「一個不動產」，但現行登記之結果，卻與前開原則之理念，大相徑庭。爰此，我國現行登記實務關於物的編成主義之做法，是有加以改正之必要。

The so-called object forming doctrine indicates that the registration office records the real estate in its jurisdiction, which is referring to the real estate facts or rights relation based on the real estate. Accordingly, the resemble meaning of compilation register is mainly rely on ''Object''. However| from the aspect of material surface, it is primarily referring to the applicability of register papers principles, setting object labels and related rights. The current implementing of object coding doctrine in Taiwan shows accordingly to the research results as follows: First, it should be the ''object'' of real estate registration. Whether it is theoretical or practical opinion, none of them are certain. There isn't adequate information as principle. Second, when condominium building is applied to the registration paper rule, referring to the setup of cadastral booklet, each specific part of condominium building and the relationship of physics and rights which it belongs are not noted. Third, one real estate for one registration rule is mainly refers to the affirmation of ''one real estate'', namely that the collection object is one real estate registration. However| the consequence of current registration is completely different from the concept of the previous rule. The concept of object forming doctrine, especially related to the concept of one real estate for one registration paper rule, is essential to be clarified under the current real property registration legal affairs