Three ''M'' Approaches for Treating Addictive Behaviors

According to the transtheoretical model (TTM) [1], addictive behaviors change involves five stages – precontemplation, contemplation, preparation for action, action, and maintenance. Substance users in each stage have different psychological states and need different interventions to treat the addictive behaviors [1, 2]. In the TTM, the motivational interviewing and behavior therapy are integrated to deal with the addictive behaviors from the precontemplation stage to the maintenance stage [1]. Recently, the mindfulness-based relapse prevention is also useful to treat the addictive behaviors [3]. Considering the process and stage of the TTM [1], We propose a framework for psychotherapy for treating patients with addictive behavior. This framework has three psychological interventions - motivational interview, mindfulness-based relapse prevention, and modified of lifestyles (Table 1).