哈伯瑪斯的溝通行動理論與國際關係建構主義的結合

Habermas’s Theory of Communicative Action and Constructivism in International Relations

國際關係學中一個有名的爭論是發生在理性主義與建構主義之間，前者認為國家的行動是遵循「後果論的邏輯」，而後者則認為是遵循「適當性的邏輯」。近年來有些建構主義者嘗試引入哈伯瑪斯的溝通行動理論，主張國家的行動還遵循第三種邏輯—即「尋求真理或論證的邏輯」，其具體的表現是所謂的「溝通行動」。這些建構主義者認為引入哈伯瑪斯的溝通行動理論可以加強建構主義對於改變發生的「微觀機制」—即解釋國家的偏好與利益如何在互動中發生改變—的說明，並主張這種改變有可能是因為「較佳論據」所造成的。

which rationalism submits that the actions of states observe “the logic of consequentialism”while constructivism “the logic of appropriateness”. In recent years a branch of constructivism attempts to appropriate Habermas’s theory of communicative action and argues that the actions of states follow a third logic, the “logic of truth seeking or arguing,” which takes the form of communicative action. These constructivists believes that the theory of communicative action can help to illuminate the “micro-mechanism” through which states’ preferences or interests change over the course of interaction, and they argue this change can be caused by “the force of better argument”.