空間特徵分量Durbin模型之建構──桃園市都市計劃區多元開放空間組合價值之檢視

Spatial Hedonic Quantile Durbin Model for Benefit Evaluation of Diversified Open Spaces in Urban Planning Division in Taoyuan City

本文目的是建構空間特徵分量Durbin模型，分析桃園市都市計畫區中，功能各不相同的「都會公園」、「鄰里公園」、「緩衝綠地」、「廣場」、「農地」及「埤圳」等六大類開放空間，除考量開放空間與住宅距離及面積外，也納入空間組合，分析桃園市開放空間在不同組合之房價差異，依此估算多元開放空間不同組合價值。同時並以房屋方圓2公里範圍內之離散指標代表空間之分散程度，以衡量開放空間多元性。結果顯示，95分量最高房價比其他分量房價，受開放空間數量與品質變動之影響最顯著。而多元開放空間的價值，以房屋附近有「鄰里公園－都會公園－緩衝綠地－廣場－農地－埤圳」六種開放空間組合，對桃園市50分量與95分量之中高房價之價值最高，而對5分量之低價位房屋，價值最高組合則是「都會公園－緩衝綠地－廣場－農地」之空間。有鑑於此，未來政府單位在進行開放空間相關決策時，除應重視開放空間之品質外，亦應維護或提升開放空間多元性。

This study constructed a spatial hedonic quantile Durbin regression model to analyze the benefit of diversified open spaces in urban planning division in Taoyuan city, which has had the highest net population increase in the past years. Six different open spaces are selected to reflect different functions: ''urban park,'' ''neighborhood park,'' ''greenbelt,'' ''square,'' ''farmland,'' and ''wetlands.'' In addition to the distance between housings and different types of open space and its corresponding area, different combinations of open spaces are also considered. The benefit of diversified open spaces is evaluated in terms of price differences of housings with different combinations of open spaces. The analytical results show that housing with the highest 95 quantile has more significant influence than other quantiles' of housings. As for the benefits for the diversified open spaces, if housing that is within 2 kilometers of open spaces of ''neighborhood park-urban park-greenbelt-square-farmlandwetland'' has the highest benefit for housing price in the 50th and 95th quantile. For housing price in the 5th quantile, the highest benefit is housing surrounded by combination of four types of open spaces: ''urban park-greenbelt-square-farmland''. The results clearly suggest that maintenance and enhancement of diversified open spaces is essential.