少年性侵害人刑事程序與防治教育之實務研究－－台日比較

Criminal Procedure and Prevention Education of Juvenile Sex Offense: A Taiwan/Japan Comparative Study

性侵害事件原為社會矚目之重大案件之一，目前台灣刑事程序主要以「治療」觀點，進行性侵者矯治。然而，我國針對犯罪行為人之刑事程序，成人有刑法、刑事訴訟法因應，少年事件則有少年事件處理法輔應，然少年事件程序有分為保護程序與刑事程序，其對於少年性侵犯之處遇內容有所不同。我國少年事件處理法主要承襲於日本法，本文擬就文獻探討與比較法研究方式，對於目前少年性侵害人於少年事件處理程序與矯正程序當中所實施防治教育進行闡述並兼論日本少年矯正實務，並達致以下目的：一、現行實務當中，少年性侵害行為人量刑與處遇；二、針對矯正機關當中，少年強制治療性侵害防治相關課程進行探測。研究結果則呼應研究目的：一、我國少年程序因以法官先議主義，呈現量刑結果分布較廣，落於保護處分或刑事處分皆有可能；二、各機構強制治療之法治教育課程，成果斐然，但仍較無系統性規劃，無統一教材。本研究提出課程規劃之建議：關於少年性侵害加害人強制治療法治教育課程，應可以「基礎法律教育」，佐以「被害者同理教育」，並導入「修復型司法」此三部分建構課程方針及綱領，並依據個案心理病理之差異，經由專業評估選擇適合的課程方案，以達致有效預防再犯之目的。

Sex offense is the one of the most notable crime in public issues. Criminal procedure in Taiwan is heavily therapy-oriented, consisting of two divisions, one of is for adults, including The Criminal Law and The Code of Criminal Procedure, the other is Juvenile Delinquency Act, has two main sections: Juvenile Delinquent Protection and Juvenile Criminal Cases, each having a distinct treatment for juvenile sex offenders. In the main, Taiwan's Juvenile Delinquency Act is modeled after the Japanese counterpart. Adopting the methods of literature review and comparative study, this paper focuses on the current juvenile sexual assault prevention education with emphasis on juvenile correction in Japan. This paper also aims to (1) examine the penalty measurement and treatment of juvenile sex offenders; (2) examine the juvenile compulsive treatment of prevention education offered in correction institutions. The aims corresponds to the results: (a) the fact that the right to prior deliberation in judicature is dominant in the current practice results in the wide-ranging penalty measurement from protective to criminal measures; (b) compulsory prevention education in correction institutions is brilliant, however the wholeness is still unsystematic and unorganized. We propose a sounder program highlighting the following three elements: basic legal education, empathy for victims, and restorative justice. Individual case will be assessed for suitable program in order to prevent re-offense.