馬偕醫院與台灣早期的中醫防疫

MacKay Memorial Hospital and Chinese Medications in Prevention of Pestilence in Early Taiwan

台灣氣候燠熱潮溼，蚊繩病菌容易叢生，早期又缺乏衛生知識，所以瘟疫橫行，奪去許多人的性命。歷代殖民統治者中，因瘟疫病死的，遠超過征服住民時戰死的。十七世紀，台灣的醫療只有傳統的巫醫和漢藥，直到傳教士帶來西方先進的醫療。日治時期，台灣總督府致力於急性傳染病的防治，並開始推動各項衛生措施及培育醫療人才。台灣因著環境的改善，人口才大幅度增加。馬偕紀念醫院成立中醫門診滿兩週年，提供中西醫聯合並進的服務。回顧創院至今，與中醫的關聯，除了馬偕博士用中醫汗法治療瘧疾外，日治時期政府順應民情，於霍亂流行期間，兼聘中醫師赴霍亂患者多的馬偕醫院輪值施診煎藥，服中藥者多有復原的機會，且治癒成績較西醫為佳。日人醫政雖壓抑民間的漢醫藥，然漢醫師中仍有出類拔萃的領袖，讓台灣總督府的衛生官員，一改漢醫只會以草根樹皮胡亂治病的郎中印象，而加以重用延聘為傳染流行病第一線的診療醫生，在多次的傳染病流行期間，立下不少功勞，救治許多病患並維繫了台灣中醫的傳承。台灣醫學的進步，民眾能享受現代化、高水準的中西醫療診治，都是靠醫界前輩所留下的寶貴經驗堆疊出來的成果。我們從歷史借鏡，除了讓後進學子如沐先賢的努力，也從中汲取寶貴的經驗和智慧。

Taiwan's climate is hot and humid. In the past, there were few attention was paid to hygiene. The colonists often died of plague, rather than died during the conquest of the inhabitants. In addition to original witch doctor and traditional medicine, western missionaries brought advanced medical care. During Japanese colonial period, the government office of Taiwan was committed to the prevention and treatment of acute infectious diseases such as plague, cholera and malaria. They also began to promote various health systems and cultivate medical personnel. Due to the improvement of the medical environment, the population of Taiwan had increased significantly. MacKay Memorial Hospital is one of the large-scale medical centers in Taiwan. In 2016, the TCM clinic was opened to provide medical services in which Chinese and Western medicines united. The connection between MacKay Hospital and Chinese medicine besides Dr. MacKay's point of view of treating malaria with ''sweating method''. During the cholera epidemic in Japanese colonial period, many Chinese doctors were invited to make decoctions in MacKay Hospital. The patients who have taken traditional Chinese medicine immediately have the opportunity to recover soon. Although the Japanese medical administration suppressed the traditional Chinese medicine, there were still outstanding leaders among the traditional Chinese medicine physicians. For example, Dr. Huang Yu-jie. It also made the Governor's Office in Taiwan to change the impression of traditional Chinese medicine. The above records were important in the history of medical development in Taiwan.