台灣法律經濟學實證的探掘資料──介紹與應用

THE INTRODUCTION AND APPLICATIONS OF THE LEGAL DATA SETS COMMONLY USED IN TAIWAN FOR EMPIRICAL STUDIES IN LAW AND ECONOMICS

法律經濟學的許多實證需要用到裁判書，這些資料不只外國才有，事實上台灣也有相對完整的各級法院判決。本文將介紹司法院的「裁判書」，與「司法院及所屬各級法院之終結案件資料」。後者為已整理好且有結構的摘要資訊，而前者則是較無結構的文件，但都可免費下載且可提供豐富資訊。近年大數據與人工智慧為各學科領域帶來許多震撼，如何善用前述裁判大數據也成為本研究領域的重要議題。本文也將分享一些前處理經驗供讀者參考，期能協助研究者跨越進入法律經濟學實證門檻。

Many empirical studies in law and economics require the use of the court written judgements. These materials are not only available in foreign countries. In fact, Taiwan also has relatively complete court decisions at all court-levels. This article will introduce the common used two data sets provided by the Judicial Yuan: one is a well-organized and structured summary information and the other is a less structured documents. They both can be downloaded for free and can provide useful information. In recent years, big data and artificial intelligence have brought great impacts in various subject areas. How to make full use of the above data sets has become an important topic in this research field. This article will also share some text pre-processing experience for readers' reference, which may help researchers to overcome the data barriers of empirical research in law and economics.