全球健康議題與護理研究之國際趨勢

Global Health Issues and Trends in Nursing Research

研究是形塑每個專業或學門不可或缺的要素。2001年Institute of Medicine將實證研究能力列為臨床醫護人員必備之基本臨床能力之一，隨著實證醫學的發展，護理研究能力亦逐漸成為護理人員必備的核心素養。護理研究趨勢當因應全球環境、人口結構以及國家地域性／民族性的不同而進行調整。本文以VOS viewer分析Web of Science資料庫，以學校及系所名稱為關鍵字，檢索2014-2018年亞洲地區以及歐美地區發表於SCI及SSCI期刊之6,333篇護理論文，進行關鍵字、主題或國際合作國家及視覺化分析，結果顯示，臺灣、美國、英國及中國大陸之國家學者間共同合作研究較為頻繁；亞洲及歐美地區護理研究論文關鍵字之國際趨勢，均提及「照顧」且前五位依序為「健康、照護、憂鬱、盛行率及生活品質」。另分析2020年全球已公告於網路之各國護理國際會議主題內容，以護理與健康照顧佔多數。22本華藝線上資料庫（2017－2020）之中文護理期刊，以高齡護理、長期照護及護理品質改善研究主題居多。整體而言，護理科學研究旨在促進或改善民眾的健康及福祉，並提升全球護理師的專業形象與地位，故臺灣要營造更好的護理研究環境，讓護理人員擁有更好的研究能力以及文化敏感度，朝向質量並重，加強國際合作研究，實踐全球健康衛生的重點，讓世界看見臺灣護理。

Research is an indispensable element that shapes every profession and discipline. ＂Employ evidence-based research into practice＂ is one of the five core competences highlighted by the American Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2001 that all healthcare professionals should possess. With the development of evidence-based medicine, ＂Nursing research competence＂ has gradually become a core competence that all nurses must have. In light of the major demographic changes and multicultural social revolution underway worldwide, nursing research trends must be adapted to meet new, global challenges rooted in changing environmental, populational, geographical, and ethnic conditions. This paper analyzed the Web of Science database using VOSviewer and inputting the names of schools and departments as key words in consideration of QS rankings among European, American, and Asia regions for the years 2014 - 2018. Analyses of keywords, themes, and countries of international cooperation were conducted on 6333 original nursing articles published in journals indexed on the Science Citation Index (SCI) and/or Social Science Citation Index (SSCI). The results indicate that the cooperation between scholars from Taiwan and scholars from the United States, the United Kingdom, and China is relatively common. With regard to both global and Asia-specific research study trends, the top-five key words used to describe nursing research papers were health, care, depression, prevalence, and quality of life. The differences between Europe and the United States and Taiwan were the ＂risk, intervention, experience, adolescent＂ and ＂risk and impact＂ depicted by visual analysis. In addition, this research examined the themes of academic nursing conferences announced online for 2020, and found that a majority highlighted ＂nursing and healthcare＂ as a major theme. In twenty-two Chinese nursing journals indexed on the Huayi Online Database (2017-2020), geriatric nursing, long-term care and improvement in nursing care quality were the most commonly used research topics. In general, the aims of nursing research are to enhance the professional image and status of global nurses and to achieve the goals of global health. To create a better nursing research environment in Taiwan, nurses should improve their research abilities and cultivate cultural nursing sensitivity with the goals of maximizing the quality and quantity of research and of strengthening international cooperation, with the ultimate aim of enhancing the health and well-being of all. The international visibility of nursing in Taiwan must be increased to improve our international profile.