閩南語「行、步、走」的語意地圖與其在華語區的傳播

Semantic Maps of 'Walk, Step, run' in Southern Min and Their Diffusion in Mandarin Speaking Areas

漢語「行」、「步」、「走」在古漢語都有「用腳做水平方向移動」的動詞語意，其中「行、步」意指「行走」，而「走」意指「奔跑」。現代國語的「行」、「步」、「走」都有「行走」義，且「走」的「奔跑」意被「跑」取代。本文運用語意地圖比較「行」、「步」、「走」等三個語意相近的辭彙在近現代閩南語的語意功能，兼及與國語的比較，並探討「奧步」、「撇步」、「走路」等衍生辭彙在華語區的傳播。

Chinese characters 行(xíng) 'to walk', 步(bù) 'to step' and 走(zǒu) 'to run' share the meaning 'to move horizontally by foot' in Old Chinese. 走(zǒu) means 'to walk' and 跑(pǎo) means 'to run' in modern Mandarin. This paper adopts the semantic map methodology(Haspelmath 2003) and investigates 行, 步 and 走 in Southern Min against Mandarin Chinese. Besides, 奧步(ào bù) and 撇步(piě bù) occur in Mandarin speaking areas are Southern Min borrowings, while 跑路(pǎo lù) used as 'to run away, to escape' is influenced by Southern Min 走路(cháu lō) 'to run away, to escape'.