英文摘要 |
日本的總人口於2009年開始減少,少子高齡化問題一直成為日本極為棘手的課題,尤其是勞動力不足的問題將嚴重威脅日本經濟的發展。有鑑於此,日本政府大力推動高齡者的活躍、女性參與勞動市場等對策外,進而修法放寬雇用外籍員工。本研究主要透過統計分析檢視上述對策,發現上述三項主要勞動對策均有明顯的成效,近年日本的勞動力參與率呈現增加趨勢。不過,在勞動時間縮減之國際趨勢下,如何提升勞動生產力將對廠商與政府是另一項重要挑戰。另外,為能留住優秀的外籍人才,塑造有利外籍員工之友善工作環境與制度不可或缺。
Japan's total population began to decrease in 2009. The problem of declining birthrates and aging population has been a very difficult issue for Japan. In particular, the problem of insufficient labor will seriously threaten Japan's economic development. In light of this, the Japanese government has vigorously promoted measures such as the active participation of elderly people and women's participation in the labor market, and has further revised the law to relax the restrictions on the employment of foreign employees. This paper mainly validates the above countermeasures through statistical analysis and finds that the three main labor countermeasures mentioned above have significant effects. In recent years, the labor force participation rate in Japan has shown an increasing trend. However, under the international trend of reducing labor time, the problem on how to improve labor productivity will be another important challenge for companies and governments. In addition, in order to retain excellent foreign talents, it is indispensable to create a friendly working environment and system that is advantageous to foreign employees. |