阿茲海默病患分期照護指標體系的建構

Construction of Graded Nursing Care Index System for Patients With Alzheimer's Disease

阿茲海默病（Alzheimer's disease, AD）是年老族群最常見的疾病之一，臨床特點為認知功能障礙、情感障礙及精神行為異常；阿茲海默病缺乏對應治療藥物，專業照護成為重要診療策略；目前中國大多數阿茲海默病患由親人或看護人居家照料，都會區僅l0％的阿茲海默病患在機構接受照護，醫院也因混合收治情況，使照護服務與患者照護需求脫節，不能為阿茲海默病患提供有益照護。多數已開發國家對阿茲海默病患照護體系建置成熟，但中國尚未有針對阿茲海默病群體的分期照護模式。本文作者研究中國阿茲海默病分期照護指標體系，借鑒他國照護經驗，建構適合中國國情文化的體系。文本從阿茲海默病患面臨的負擔、國內外照護現況談起，說明阿茲海默病患照護模式構建的必要性，與本研究建構的照護體系實用性，期使為中國阿茲海默病患提供全程照護模式。

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common diseases in older populations. Its main clinical features include cognitive dysfunction, affective disorder, and abnormal mental behavior. Due to the lack of therapeutic drugs, professional care has become an important diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease patients. At present, most Alzheimer's disease patients are cared for at home by relatives or caregivers, and less than l0% of city-based patients receive care in oldage institutions. Due to mixed treatment regimens in the hospital, care services do not necessarily match patient care needs and thus Alzheimer's disease patients do not receive adequate treatment. Developed countries have a mature care system for the elderly, but no graded care model for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease currently exists in China. In this paper, the author draws on the experience of developed countries to construct an index system for the graded care of Alzheimer's disease patients that is suited to conditions in China. This article addresses the burden faced by the elderly with Alzheimer's disease and the current standard of care for the elderly at home and abroad. After explaining the necessity of constructing a care model for the elderly with Alzheimer's disease, the author then explains the practicability of the care system proposed in this study in order to provide a whole-course care model for the mentally impaired elderly in China.