早期警示系統之簡介與運用

Early Warning Systems: Introduction and Application

根據過去的文獻發現50％－84％病人心跳停止前6小時會出現生理徵兆變異，多數住院嚴重的不良醫療事件，倘若能藉由早期警示系統，就能幫助醫療團隊早期發現病情惡化情形並給予立即處置，降低院內心跳停止發生率。本文主要的目的為強化臨床醫護人員對早期警示系統的概念，透過警示系統被建置的原因與動機，讓讀者能瞭解早期警示系統的生理監測項目，以及警示系統影響病人安全的重要性，特別當病人被定義為中風險以上時，應考慮轉送重症加護病房，以降低生命上的威脅，而本文最後探討警示系統在護理上的運用，以利護理師瞭解在快速反應團隊中所要扮演的專業角色與職責，期望醫護人員能學習如何避免非預期心跳停止事件的發生，營造全面性的病人安全環境及提升醫療照護品質。

Related studies in the literature indicate that over half (50-84%) of patients exhibit physiological variations 6 hours before experiencing cardiac arrest. Early warning systems improve the ability of medical teams to detect patient deterioration and then immediately treat sudden cardiac arrest during patient hospitalization. This article aims to strengthen general understanding among clinical medical staffs of the early warning system. Understanding the reasons and motivations for establishing this system is expected to help readers better distinguish the physiological monitoring indicators of this system and its importance in terms of improving patient safety. In particular, using the system to identify patients at risk levels of medium or higher will help facilitate their timely transfer to an intensive care unit for appropriate monitoring and care. This article further explores the application of early warning systems in nursing to help nurses understand their professional roles and responsibilities as members of the rapid-response team. Finally, information in this article teaches medical staffs how to avoid unanticipated cardiac arrest events, create a comprehensive patient safety environment, and improve the quality of medical care.