山藥的養生建構與產業發展：以新北市山藥節為例

The Health-Preserving Construction and Industrial Development of Yam: An Example of Yam Festival in New Taipei City

養生意指促進人的身心健康，其目的和預防醫學是一致。山藥本名薯蕷，是人類最早的食用植物之一，《本草綱目》稱其「益腎氣、健脾胃、止泄瀉、化痰涎、潤皮毛」，《神農本草經》則言「主傷中，補虛羸，除寒熱邪氣，補中，益氣力，長肌肉」，並將其列為上品，是歷代醫家使用最多的補虛健脾藥之一。近年來政府鼓勵地方產業的發展，新北市雙溪位處於臺北都會區邊緣地帶，受惠於自然環境，土壤肥沃、天候得宜，使得新北市成為台灣最大的基隆山藥原生種產區，也是唯一每年舉辦山藥達人競賽的城市。因此本研究目的為：文獻整理並進行實地田野調查新北市山藥節的特色，進一步從山藥節分析養生與產業之內涵。結果顯示，山藥最重要的成份薯蕷皂元（diosgenin），可調節身體許多生理機能，這或許是山藥被廣泛應用在調理諸多虛症的原因。臺灣野生種「基隆原生種山藥」的薯蕷皂元含量，在山藥品種中僅次於巴西山藥，獨特的野生種植方法，外觀、肉色黏液質以及煮熟後口感等，使得基隆山藥儼然是新北市推廣山藥節與地方休閒觀光的重要獨特品種。新北市山藥節舉辦的各類套裝旅遊，使得參與民眾對於山藥的養生有深刻的體驗，這對於養生的建構與產業的發展具有正面的影響。

Health-preserving means promoting health of body and mind and its purpose is consistent with preventive medicine. Yam, the real name of Chinese yam, is one of the earliest edible plants of mankind. The ＂Compendium of Materia Medica＂ calls it ＂good kidney function, health spleen and stomach, stop diarrhea, remove phlegm, and moisturized skin and hair＂, and the ＂Shen Nong's Materia Medica＂ points it ＂treat injury, remove cold and evil, force supplement and benefit muscles.＂ Yam is a Chinese herb for improve weakness and health spleen, which is the most used remedy for traditional Chinese medicine from the past. In recent years, the government has encouraged the development of local industries. Shuangxi is located in the edge of the New Taipei City metropolitan area. New Taipei City is the largest production of native Keelung yam in Taiwan, and the only annual city that hosts a yam master competition benefit from the natural environment including the fertile soil and suitable weather. Though, the purpose of the study is to investigate the characteristics of Yam Festival in New Taipei City and further analysis the connotation of health-preserving and industry from the view point of Yam Festival through literature collation and field surveys. The study showed that the most important ingredient of yam, diosgenin, can regulate many physiological functions of the body. This may be the reason why yam is widely used to regulate many deficiency syndromes. The content of diosgenin in Taiwan wild species native Kelong yam is second only to Brazilian yam around all the yam varieties. Native Keelung yam is an important and unique variety of the promotion of Yam Festival and local leisure and sightseeing in New Taipei City because special wild planting method, appearance, fleshy mucus and taste after cooking. The various suits of Yam Festival in New Taipei City made the participants have a deep experience about the health-preserving of yam that produce a positive impact on the construction of health-preserving and the development of the industry.