聆聽音樂對護理人員壓力及腦波之成效

Effects of Music Listening on Stress and Brain Waves in Nurses

背景：多數護理人員承受源於醫院組織的工作要求、工作本質、角色期待與人際關係之中至高度壓力，聆聽音樂是護理人員最常使用的放鬆技巧。目的：探討聆聽音樂對護理人員壓力及α腦波振幅之成效。方法：此研究為一重複測量之準實驗設計，以方便取樣法於台灣北部某地區醫院招募護理人員，聆聽音樂組接受自選音樂介入措施四週、每天30分鐘，控制組未接受任何介入措施，結果變項包括壓力知覺量表及α腦波振幅。結果：相較於前測，聆聽音樂組在介入音樂措施後顯著降低壓力程度（p = .001），且相較於控制組，聆聽音樂組亦有顯著的前後測壓力得分變化（p = .017）。在α腦波振幅方面，廣義估計方程式統計結果呈現於第一、三及五週均有顯著的組別及時間交互作用（分別為p = .002; p= .004; p = .003）。結論／實務應用：聆聽自選音樂對於護理人員在緩解壓力及促進放鬆是一種經濟有效的策略，音樂介入措施具有生理及心理的效益，減輕護理人員的壓力程度，進而，助於提升護理人員工作滿意度，以及減少耗竭。

Background: Most nurses have moderate to high levels of stress due to organizational demands, nature of the tasks, role expectations, and stresses resulting from interpersonal relationships. Listening to music is the most common relaxation technique used by nurses. Aims: The study investigated the effects of music listening on stress and alpha brainwave amplitude in nurses. Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with repeated measures. The nurses were recruited using convenience sampling from one district hospital in northern Taiwan. Nurses in the music listening group received self-selected music intervention for four weeks, 30 minutes per day; the control group received no intervention. Outcome variables included perceived stress and alpha brainwave amplitude. Results: Compared with their own pre-test scores, nurses in the music listening group reported significantly reduced stress levels after the music intervention (p = .001). Change of stress score between pre and post test in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group (p = .017). In terms of alpha brainwave amplitude, the results of generalized estimating equation analysis showed significant group by time interaction at 1, 3, and 5 weeks (p = .002; p = .004; p = .003, respectively). Conclusions/Implications for Practice: Listening to self-selected music is a cost-effective strategy for reducing stress and promoting relaxation in nurses. Music intervention can decrease nurses’stress levels in both physiological and psychological dimensions. Moreover, it can increase nurse’s job satisfaction and reduce burnout.