霸權的反撲──規則、貿易戰與市場

Hegemony, Trade War, and National Security Strategy

美國總統川普上任後即退出「跨太平洋夥伴關係協議」，並以關稅為武器，要求主要貿易逆差國分別與美國簽署新的自由貿易協定，雖然主要針對中國，但同時也要求盟邦。川普政府在《美國國家安全戰略》（2017）報告中強調要回應美國在世界各地所面臨的政治、經濟與軍事競爭，明確指出中國與俄羅斯對美國權力、影響力與利益的挑戰；然而貿易戰目的若是為了遏制中國，為何矛頭也指向盟邦？本文認為川普的貿易戰有其戰略上的一致性，是既有霸權回應新興強權挑戰的防衛戰略，因而試圖結合戰略與經貿概念，依據霸權相關理論推演，探討川普貿易戰的邏輯，釐清美國戰略構想是要重構國際規則與秩序，以維持美國的全球領導地位，並提出前瞻性觀點。

After taking office, US President Trump withdrew from the “Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement” and used tariffs as a weapon to require major trade deficit countries to sign new free trade agreements with the United States. Although the mainly target is China, but also demanded allies. In the “National Security Strategy” (2017) report, the Trump administration stressed the need to respond to the political, economic, and military competition that the United States faces around the world, and clearly pointed out the challenges China and Russia pose to US power, influence, and interests. If the purpose of the war is to contain China, why does the spearhead also point to the allies? The author believes that Trump's trade war has its strategic consistency. It is a defense strategy that has hegemony to respond to the challenges of emerging powers. Therefore, it attempts to combine strategy and economic and trade concepts, and based on hegemonic theory, to explore the logic of Trump's trade war and clarify The US strategic vision is to reconstruct international rules and order to maintain the global leadership of the United States and to present forward-looking views.