土壤含水量及授粉時期對番茄授粉率與種子產量影響之研究

Studies on the Effect of Soil Water Content and the Time of Pollination to Pollination to Pollination Percentage and the Yield of Seeds of Tomato

番茄授粉率與種子產量受授粉時期及土壤含水量高低之影響，授粉時期以十一月（20~27℃）及十二月（15~23℃）為最適當，授粉率可高達90%以上。果實內種子亦較多，一月（6~17℃）及二月（10~20℃）花粉少，授粉率低，種子量亦較少。土壤以7~10天灌水一次（含水量11~20%）及10~15天灌水一次（7~20%）者授粉最佳，種子量亦最多，對番茄植株之生育亦最適當，3~5天灌水一次（15~20%）者植株發育太過旺盛，開花少，授粉率與前兩處理差不多，但種子量較少，不灌水者發育不佳授粉率亦低。

The experimental results indicate that the time of pollination and soil moisture, can affect the pollination percentage and the yields of hybrid seeds of Tomato. The optimum periods for cross-pollination of Tomato are in November (20~27℃) and December (15°~23℃)°. The pollination percentage was 90% or more, and the seed number in a fruit was much higner than that of other period. Highest seed yield was obtained from the moderate irrigation. The soil water content was maintained 11.0~20.0% and 7.0~20.0% or irrigated every 7~10 days, and 10~15 days a time, in these condition it was good for plant pollination and seed yield.