環境因子對洋菇孢子發芽之影響

Effect of Environmental Factors on Spore Germination of Agaricus Bisporus (Lange) Sing

本試驗係研究PH值，光線與溫度三個環境因子對洋茹孢子發芽之影響，用洋菇抽出液製成培養基，pH值在5.8至7.8範圍內用25℃溫度培養下培養，pH值與孢子發芽的影響不顯著。用pH值為6.4之培養基在平均25℃溫度下培養，黑暗環境比有光線的環境有助於孢子的發芽，能提早發芽1.6至2.2日。用相同培養基在黑暗環境下以5、10、15、20、25℃不同溫度培養，經過二週只有25℃處理區完全發芽，20℃處理區有20%發芽，其他完全不發芽，證明低於25℃之溫度不適於洋菇孢子的發芽。再將5-20℃低溫培養未發芽之試管每日升高5℃溫度漸次移至25℃室溫培養，較由低溫環境直接移至25℃室溫培養者，發芽較快，尤以5℃處理每日升高5℃者比直接移至25℃培養者提早發芽6.2日效果最為顯著。

1. No significant effect has been found between the rate of mushroom spore germination and different pH value of mushroom extract medium in a range between 5.8 and 7.8, when they were incubated at 25℃. for 2-3 weeks. 2. Mushroom spore germinated 1.6 to 2.2 days sooner in darkness than in the light condition at 25℃. incubating f or 2 weeks, used a mushroom extract medium with a pH value of 6.4. 3. The most important influential factor on mushroom spore germination is temperature. Spores can be completely germinated at 25℃. under darkness condition after 2 weeks incubation on the same mushroom extract medium, A 20% rate of spore germination was found in the same condition but the temperature was 20℃., and a 0% rate of spore germination was found at other temperature condition 5℃.; 10℃. and 15℃. 4. The spores which could't germinate at 5°-20℃. condition were germinated completely when removed to 25℃. after few days incubating. A more stimulate effect on spore germination has been found that the temperature rised 5℃. per day gradually from lower temperature to 25℃. than the temperature rising directly to 25℃. By this studies, the spore germinated 6.2 days sooner when temperature rised five degrees centigrade a day from 5℃. to 25℃ than directly.