秋肥友冬肥對盧筍同化養分之合成、移動及蓄積與翌春嫩莖早期產量之影響

The effects of Application of Autumn and Winter Fertilizers on the Photosynthesis of Asparagus

本試驗使用一年生之蘆筍「美麗華盛頓」為材料，試驗區分為66年10月l日施肥之秋肥區，同年12月5日施肥之冬肥區，及無肥區。於10月3日秋肥之肥效尚未顯現時以¹⁴C0₂做同化處理，檢討秋肥與冬肥對翌春植株生育之影響，並進一步調查其與同化養分之合成，蓄積及移動等之相互關係為主要目的。1.秋肥區翌春之母莖伸長量最高，冬肥區與無肥區之間則無顯著差異。嫩莖一支之平均重量以秋肥區＞冬肥區＞無肥區之順序，但母莖及嫩莖之支數則以秋肥區＞無肥區＞冬肥區之順序逐漸減少。2.秋肥及冬肥之施用後第二星期擬葉中之葉綠素含量均有顯著增加，但增加之幅度以秋肥區較高。3.秋肥區之擬葉之¹⁴C之放射活性（cpm/g，dry wt.）隨著生育日數之增加其減少幅度較冬肥區及無肥區大，但貯藏根則呈秋肥區＞冬肥區＞無肥區之順序。秋肥施用後一個月¹⁴C一同化養分在根部及嫩莖之分布比率仍保持最高，冬肥區次之，無肥區最低。這種結果以¹⁴C一同化養分在各部位之分布強度表示時亦呈相同之傾向。其次，與65的年11月2日及翌春l月15日之採樣相比，翌春4月7日之¹⁴C一同化養分在樹體各部分之分布比率以根之減少最為顯著，而母莖及擬葉之比率則增加，這種現象在各試驗區均是相間之傾向。

Effects of applying autumn and winter fertilizer on translocation and distribution of photosynthates were studied by using¹⁴C0₂ as a tracer. One-year old asparagus grown in pots, were the experimental materials. The effect of the same treatment on shoot growth and spear development in the following spring was also studied. The treatments consisted autumn fertilizer plot, winter fertilizer plot, and plot without fertilization (control). The results of the present study imply that fertilizers are necessary in the fall and winter from the viewpoint of accelerating the photosynthetic rate and translocation of photosynthates to the roots and also promoting the shoot growth and spear development in the follwing year. The rate of translocation of photosynthates from c1adophyll and stem to the root in the different period of fertilization decreased in the following order that: autumn fertilizer plot>winter fertilizer plot>without fertilization plot. Among the treatments, the application of autumn fertilizer was most effective for the growth of shoots and spears.