影響菠菜種子發芽因素之研究

Studies on Factors Affecting Seed Germination of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)

以-0.1 MPa PEG、1000 ppm GA3、流動水、靜置水或7～8°C等物理及化學方法處理菠菜種子可提高其發芽率及發芽速度。田間萌芽率及生長勢則以種子經PEG處理效果最佳。剝除果皮種子之發芽率較未剝除者提高10～18%，T50值縮短1/2～1/5之天數。經刻傷者可提高發芽率及縮短T50值。未剝除果皮之乾燥種子於吸水後13小時會產生大量CO2。果皮構造之SEM觀察得知柵欄細胞緊密排列及角質層存在，使菠菜種子之發芽受到機械性之抑制。

Germination of spinach seeds was improved by some physical or chemical treatments, such as -0.1 MPa PEG, 1,000 ppm GA3, running water, soaking water, or 7-8°C etc. PEG treatment showed the best result in field emergence rate and growth. The de-pericarped seeds had 10-18% higher in germination and T50 value was shortened in comparison to pericarp-remained seeds. The pericarp-scarified seed improved its percentage germination and could shorten T50 value. The extractants from the pericarp of angular spinach seeds could inhibit the germination of pericarp-remained seeds. The percarp-remained seed had the peak of respiration rate at 13 hours after absorbing water. The observation of pericarp structure by SEM showed that cuticle was present and palisade layer was closely parallely arranged, which could mechanically inhibit the germination of spinach seeds.