苗期不同低溫處理對草莓生長與結實的影響

Effects of Different Chilling Treatments of Nursery Plants on Growth and Fruiting of Strawberry

本試驗以春香及久能早生草莓2品種進行夜間低溫育苗，比較平地人工低夜溫育苗及高冷地育苗之優劣；草莓走蔓苗缽植，利用冷凍機於簡易高隧道型塑膠布室內，進行夜間低溫處理，溫度控制在14±2°C，處理時間為每日16：00～翌晨8：00，至花芽分化完全為止。另一部份草莓則置於海拔高度約900公尺的高冷地，氣溫為2-22°C。鏡檢草莓莖頂結果顯示參試2品種夜冷處理之植株其花芽分化期均比高冷處理提早，採收期亦較早，初期產量或總產量調查結果參試2品種也均比高冷苗為高。

Runner plants propagation of strawberry in Taiwan has usually been done on high land. Because the flower bud initiation of strawberry can be induced under short day and low temperature environment, this paper discusses an artificial night chilling method on nursery stage to propagate two strawberry runner plants 'Harunoka' and 'Kunou Wase' In late summer season, one part of potted plants of strawberry, which originate from runner, were placed into plastic house and chilled with refrigerator. The chilling temperature was maintained at 14±2°C from 4:00 PM to 8:00 AM next day during nursery stage. And another part were placed on high land, the altitude is about 900 meter and the temperature is 20-22°C. Results indicated that the differentiation time of flower primodia of both cultivars under artificial night-chilling treatment was earlier than high-land chilling treatment. After 40 days of treatment, all the potted plants were transplanted into fields. It showed that plant growth, fruit yields, fruit numbers and quality of both cultivars by artificicial night-chilling treatment were better than high-land chilling treatment.