溫度對宿根滿天星生長與開花之影響

Effect of Temperature on Growth and Flowering of Gypsophila Paniculata cv. Bristol Fairy

以人工氣候室及不同海拔高度，於夏季栽植宿根滿天星之扦插苗，探討溫度對其生育、光合成及呼吸作用之影響。結果以日／夜溫25/20°C及海拔1100m地區宿根滿天星生育最佳，光合作用速率最高。日／夜溫30/25°C 及臺北平地之夏天，宿根滿天星具早熟開花習性，植株矮小、根系發育不良、花序短小、花朵少且多畸形花，切花品質低落。降低夜溫至15°C，可促進植株乾物重與鮮重，增加花朵數及減少畸形花百分比。高溫葉片呼吸作用旺盛，30°C達639μlO2/gm-hr之譜，是20°C之3.5倍。日／夜溫20/15°C生育者，經七個月仍呈簇生型態，側芽多但不抽長。

Effect of temperature on growth and flowering of Gypsophila paniculata cv. Bristol Fairy were studied. High flower qualities was obtained at day/night temperature of 25/20°C. Although high temperature (30/25°C or lowland in summer) promotes early flowering, the plants are dwarf with short flowering stems and malformed flowers. Plants grown at 20/15°C remained rosette after 7 months. It was found that decreased night temperature from 30/25°C to 30/20 or 30/15°C, increased fresh and dry weight in tops and roots, flower number, and decreased the percentage of malformed flowers. The optimum temperature for photosynthesis is around 25°C. The respiratory rate is high at 30°C (639µl O2/gm • hr) and the Q10 from 20°C to 30°C is 3.5.