蔗糖與8-HQS對蕾期採收菊花改善品質與延長壽命之研究

Studies on Improving Quality and Prolong Longevity of Bud Cut Chrysanthemum by Sucrose and 8-HQS

蕾期採收（花徑3.0~3.5cm）之冬王與平和台品種菊花，於含有200 ppm 8-HQS （8-hydroxyqninoline sulfate），25 ppm硝酸銀或50 ppm醋酸銀等保鮮劑下，觀察0~30%不同蔗糖濃度對切花品質及壽命之影響。冬王品種，隨蔗糖濃度之增加，均獲得品質之改善與壽命之增長，以含蔗糖7%最為理想。夏採之平和台品種，蔗糖濃度2~10%對瓶插壽命影響不大，但30%蔗糖處理效果不良。花莖75cm者，以5~10%蔗糖濃度最佳，花莖40cm者，則以2%蔗糖最為理想。含適當蔗糖之保鮮劑，可改善水分平衡，促進花蕾之正常發育與開放，且菊葉硬挺，保持鮮綠不變黃。但濃度過高，會引起葉緣幹枯變黑，甚而捲曲，影響品質。保鮮劑中含有8-HQS較單含有硝酸銀者為理想。

Standard chrysanthemums harvested as buds (30-35 cm) were opened in sucrose solution from 0 to 30%. Concentration of 7% for winter cultivars Tung-Wong and 5 to 10% for long stem (75 cm) and 2% for short stem (40 cm) of summer harvested Ping-Huo-Tai. Buds opened in preservative solution were better quality and greater longevity than those opened in water. Foliage on stems held in 8-HQS plus sucrose and silver nitrate (or silver acetate) could not become chlorotic in Tung-Wong and Ping-Huo-Tai Chrysanthemum. However, supraoptimum sucrose concentration were caused leaf damage. Buds held in sucrose solution contained 200 ppm 8-hydroxyquinoline sulfate (8-HQS) and silver acetate (50 ppm) resulted in better water balance and decay control than silver nitrate (30 ppm) and citric acid (75 ppm).