番茄開花結實期間鈣營養之生理特性

The Significance of Calcium for Tomato during Flowering and Fruiting Stages

水耕培養之番茄之各生育期，移植至含有45Ca （10μCi/l）之培養液中讓其吸收24小時。實驗結果顯示，結實區之番茄後6葉期至果實肥大盛期體內45Ca之放射能強度呈直線增加，肥大期以後則顯著減少。摘花區之番茄，摘花後體內45Ca之放射能活性呈急速下降之趨勢。觀察結實區45Ca之分布情形發現，6葉期莖之活性高，葉身則低，開花期以後莖及花房之活性較高，果實則甚低微。其次，開花前食鹽可溶態鈣所占比率高，開花結實後水溶態鈣及鹽酸可溶態鈣之比率顯著增加。六葉期之番茄經根吸收45Ca 24小時後移植至無放射之培養液中培養至第6日，其體內之45Ca之放射能活性依部位之不同而異，根＞莖＞上位葉＞下位葉。但是，到了第15日則其順序變為莖＞根＞上位葉＞下位葉。

In the present studies, the effects of flowering and fruiting on the absorption, movement, deposition, and redistribution of calcium in plant tissues were investigated by using the radiotracer technique. 1. The plants at every growing stage were treated with solution containing 10μCi of 45Ca per liter. The fruited plants at 6 leaves, flowering, fruit setting and fruit enlarging stages showed a higher amount of radioactivity than the plants of enlarged fruit and matured fruit stages. On the other hand, the radioactivity of deflorated plants were significantly decreased after defloration. 2. In fruited plants, the radioactivity of water soluble calcium and HCI soluble calcium after flowering stage were noticeably increased than those of deflorated plants. 3. A higher amount of radioactivity of water soluble calcium and lower amount of HCI soluble calcium were always found in the stem than those in the leaves. 4. After transferring to a non-radioactive nutrient solution 6 days, the distribution (cpm/mg, dry wt.) of 45Ca in the different tissues of tomato decreased in the following order: root＞stem＞upper leaf＞lower leaf. And the order of the radioactivity of 45Ca at the 15th day after transplanting was as follows: stem＞root＞upper leaf＞lower leaf.