日照對大蒜結球之影響

The Effect of Day Lengths on Bulbing of Garlic Allium sativum L.

本研究結果所示，大蒜生長過程之前期，以長日照16小時處理中，可誘發結球，一旦結球後，如再以長日處理，則無加速成熟之效果。植株在尚未充分長大時，因開始結球，而生長停止，致植株較小，所結之鱗莖亦輕而小。故欲大蒜結球早而鱗莖大，除加長日照處理外，務必在結球前之早期，盡量在栽培之條件上，使其充分生長發育。本試驗中，鳳山選三號品種在25/20℃之人工氣候室內，以16小時日照處理，開始結球可較臺北地區9~12月自然日照者，提早40天。翁子社品種在同一溫度情形下，則可提早48天，即可指出該品種對長日照之反應，對鳳山選二號品種為明顯，在自然日照或短日照下，鳳山選二號品種，雖可結球但為時甚晚，而翁子社品種可能更晚。

The results of this study is summarized as follows Bulb formation of garlic was initiated when exposed to 16 hours/day long day treatment during its early growing stage. Once the bulbing of garlic plant is initiated, no further effect could be obtained by exposing it to long day treatment. Since growth of plant is ceased after bulbing, if the plant has not obtained its maximum size, the size of the bulb would be small and its weight light. Thus, if large size bulb of garlic is desired in earlier date, it is essential to provide the optium cultural condition in order to obtain a thrifty growth of the plant before bulbing. In this experiment cultivar Feng-Shan Selection No. 2 was grown under 25/20℃ in the Phytotron. The date of bulb initiation under long day 16 hours/day-was 40 days earlier than under the natural condition during September to December in Taipei area; and with cultivar Wong-Tze-Shih grown under the identical condition, bulb initiation was 48 days earlier than under natural condition. The response of cultivar Wong-Tze-Shih to long day treatment seemed to be more sensitive than that of cultivar Feng-Shan Selection No. 2 Although Feng-Shan Selection No. 2 may bulb under natural or short day condition it required a longer period of time. With cultivar Wong-Tze-Shih under such condition it could be even longer.