柑橘花粉外表特性在品種鑑定上之應用

Identification of Citrus Cultivars by Pollen Surface Characteristics

花粉粒大小、形狀及外部形態特性可用作鑑定柑橘品種，在本試驗抽觀察優利加檸檬、晚崙夏橙、柳橙、椪柑、文旦柚、桶柑、茂谷柑及長實金柑等八種柑橘栽培品種中，以長實金柑花粉粒最小，優利加檸檬及文旦柚為最大，其它則介於其中間。長實金柑、茂谷柑及文旦柚等之花粉粒形狀較優利加檸檬、晚崙夏橙、柳橙、椪柑及桶柑為長些。花粉粒網孔面積以優利加檸檬最大，椪柑最小，其它則介於其中間。花粉粒網孔數分布以椪柑及長實金柑為密集，優利加檸檬、晚崙夏橙、柳橙、文旦柚、桶柑、及茂穀柑較為稀疏。花粉粒發芽口數則為優利加檸檬5枚，晚崙夏橙、柳橙、椪柑、文旦柚、桶柑、及茂谷柑4枚，長實金柑4-5枚。

Differences in size and surface characteristics of pollen grains are useful for distinguishing citrus cultivars. Eight citrus cultivars were investigated by SEM. The pollen grain size of oval kumquat was the smallest and the 'Eureka' lemon and 'Wantan' pummelo were the largest. The pollen grain shape of 'Wantan' pummelo 'Murcott' tangor and 'Oval' kumquat were longer then 'Eureka' lemon 'Valencia' orange, 'Ponkan' mandarin and 'Tankan' tangor. With regard to the pit surface area on the pollen grain, the, 'Eurek' lemon was the largest and 'Ponkan' mandarin was the smallest. Whit regard to the number of pit on the 25μm^2 pollen surface, the 'Oval' kumquat and 'Ponkan' mandarin were more than 'Eureka' lemon, 'Valencia' orange, 'Liu-cheng' orange, 'Wantan' pummelo, 'Tankan' tangor and 'Murcott' tangor. The number of germination aperature was as following: 'Eureka' lemon 5, 'Valencia' orange, 'Liu-cheng' orange, 'ponkan' mandarin, 'Wantan' pummelo, 'Tankan' or 'Murcott' tangor 4, but 'Oval' kumquat 4-5.