獼猴桃果實發育期間之生理變化

Studies on the Physiological Change of Chinese Gooseberry (Actinidia chinensis Planch) during Fruit Development

本研究中以獼猴桃之二品種為材料，並測定其果實發育期間的種種生理變化。將果實於7月至11月期間分次採收，並於採收當時測定其果重、果徑、果長、果肉顏色、硬度、糖度、可滴定酸、碳水化物量、呼吸量及乙烯發生量等以瞭解其生理變化。由結果顯示，獼猴桃果實之快速生長期集中於開花後的6週間，此時果長、果徑及果重之增加迅速，期後則增加緩慢。在果實之發育初期，總糖及還元糖之含量低，然在進入成熟期時突增，此時澱粉之含量亦相對地減少，在果實發育期間，水分量及維生素C量逐漸減少，而可滴定酸則緩慢地增加。依獼猴桃之呼吸量及乙烯發生量的變化來看，獼猴桃應屬更年性果實。

The principle physiological changes in 2 culiuars of fruits of Chinese gooseberry (Actinidia chinensis Planch) during ontogeny were determined. Weight, length, width, flesh color, flesh firmness, °Brix, titratable acidity, carbohydrates, respiration and ethylene production of the samples collected from July to November were measured at harvest. The result indicates that Chinese gooseberry has a rapid growth rate in terms of weight, length and width during the first 6 weeks after anthesis then reached a plateau thereafter. The concentrations of total and reducing sugar remained relatively low during the early part of fruit development then rose very quickly in relation to the decrease of starch as the fruits matured. The water contents as well as the concentrations of ascorbic acid dropped gradually and the titratable acidity increasad slowly during ontogeny. Judging the respiratory pattern and ethylene evolution behavior, Chinese gooseberry is considered a climacteric fruits.