培養條件對於紫田薯組織培養生產花青素之影響

Effects of Cultural Conditions on the Anthocyanin Production in Tissue Culture of Dioscorea a lata L. var. purpurea M. Pouch

以七因子二層階之1/16部份複因子試驗探討培養基條件對於紫田薯 （Dioscorea alata L. var. purpurea M. Pouch）薯塊誘發紫紅色癒合組織之影響。結果顯示，在此試驗範圍內的七個因子：活性碳、容器種類、蔗糖、氮源、磷酸鹽、2,4-D與kinetin均顯著影響紫紅色癒合組織之誘發。據此結果，調整各因子濃度範圍，進一步以中心混成設計之反應曲面法尋求誘發癒合組織之最適培養基成分。在本試驗範圍內，2,4-D濃度極顯著的影響癒合組織誘發百分率與誘發程度，而蔗糖濃度顯著的影響癒合組織誘發百分率與誘發程度。誘發紫紅色癒 合組織之適培養基為含有1.1%蔗糖、2475mg/l硝酸銨與2850mg/1硝酸鉀、130 mg/1磷酸二氫鉀、30.97μM 2,4-D以及0.64μM kinetin的MS修飾培養基。以此培養基培養薯塊培植體的誘發結果與預測最高量大致符合，證明此方程式之有效性。

The 1/16 replication of seven-factor, two-level of fractional factorial experiments were used to investigate the effects of cultural conditions on the initiation of purple calli from the explants of Dioscorea alata L. var. purpurea M. Pouch. Results showe that the seven factors i.e. charcoal, type of container, sucrose, nitrogen, phosphate, 2.4-D and kinetin significantly affected the initiation of calli over the test ranges. From the results and by adjusting the ranges of the composition of media, a response surface methodology with a central composite design was used to design an experiment to search for the optimum composition of media. Over the ranges used in this experiment, 2.4-D affected very significantly and sucrose affected significantly the percentage of purple calli initiation and degree of purple callusing. The optimum medium for the purple calli initiation included a modified MS media containing 1.1% sucrose, 2475 mg/l ammonium nitrate, 2850 mg/l potassium nitrate, 130 mg1 potassium dihydrogen- phosphate, 30.97 μ M 2,4-D and 0.64 μ M kinetin. This medium was proved to valid in the later experiment.