氰胺的氰酸根解離及其對馬鈴薯及小蒼蘭組織的反應

Preliminary Studies on the CN- Release of Hydrogen Cyanamide and its Effect on Potato & Freesia Tissues

氰胺被認為是因抑制植物組織的過氧化氫分解酵素而打破休眠，本文試圖從氰酸根解離及其他打破休眠的有效藥劑對植物組織過氧化氫分解酵素的影響，了解其中相關性。馬鈴薯塊莖及小蒼蘭球莖處理不同濃度的氰胺、2-氯乙醇、乙醇及過氧化氫。小蒼蘭球莖並依重量分大、小球，處理24小時後，測過氧化氫分解酵素的活性及測乙烯生成量每4小時的變化。馬鈴薯塊莖中，氰胺抑制過氧化氫分解酵素的活性，且隨氰胺濃度的提高而抑制作用增加。2-氯乙醇促進過氧化氫分解酵素的活性。乙醇也促進過氧化氫分解酵素的活性。過氧化氫濃度較低時對過氧化氫分解酵素的活性有促進的作用，在0.6%時對過氧化氫分解酵素的活性則有抑制作用。氰胺、2-氯乙醇同為打破休眠有效藥劑，但對過氧化氫分解酵素的反應上卻相反，因此，過氧化氫分解酵素活性的抑制或促進並非打破休眠的必要條件。2-氯乙醇會促進乙 烯的合成。而乙烯也有打破休眠作用。因此，單以氰胺與過氧化氫分解酵素活性變化的關係，很難解釋氰胺打破休眠的機制。

The major purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis presented by Nir that most of the physical and chemical methods to break bud dormancy inhibitted or decreased the catalase activity in grapevine bud. Freesia corm and potato tuber had been used to measure the activity of catalase and ethylene release after hydrogen cyanamide, 2-chloroethanol and ethanol treatments, which are active agents to break bud dormancy of grape vines commercially in Taiwan. Results showed that catalase activity was inhibitted by hydrogen cyanamide and promoted by 2-chloroethanol and ethanol. Ethylene was also induced by 2-chloroethanol treatment. We concluded that the inhibition of catalase activity are not necessary for dormant plant tissue to regrow.